TURRET LATHE

TURRET LATHE

This is one of the type of lathe, which is used for the metal cutting process. and it has wide range of applications, and can be operated easily with out much effort.

while the turret lathe is essentially a tool for the production of work in large quantities, a 6-in. lathe of the type described  will be found exceedingly useful in the small experimental shop. With a center held in the main turret, the machine may be used as a simple engine lathe, and when a number of similar pieces are to be turned out in a hurry the work may be performed in almost as expeditious a manner as on a commercial turret lathe. This machine was built and used by the author in his own workshop,

on fine precision work, and many accurate jobs have been done with it very quickly. Most of the work of  building can be done in a workshop equipped only with a vise and bench drill, with the necessary small tools, as flat cold-rolled steel is used for the ways, carriage, and other parts of that character; it will be necessary, however, to have certain things, such as the machining of the headstock and the cuttingof the feed screw, done in a machine shop, but this is a small item.The headstock is made of gray iron, and is fitted with an  overarm steadyrest, which allows the carriage to travel the full length of long work, as the work is supported from the top and rear. The spindle is carried, at the rear, by a doublerow ball bearing, .75 in. wide, of the combined axial and radial-load type, and at the front by a single-row bearing, .629 in. wide. Both of these bearings have an outside diameter of 2.441 in., and an inside diameter of 1.181 in. Care must be taken to bore the bearing housings a push fit for the bearings, and to have all faces square and parallel with each other.The spindle should be made of a good grade of steel, of about .3-per-cent carbon content, and is hollow. It is best to bore the spindle first, then re-center and finish the outside. The nose is taper-bored to take the collets, and threaded eight threads per inch, U. S. standard, to fit the faceplates and chucks. The taper seat for the collets should not be finished until the lathe has been completely assembled; it should then be machined with tools held in the toolpost of the lathe itself. The inner races of the ball bearings should be a good fit on the flat threads on the rear of the spindle, and on the outside of the spindle at the front. Bearing retaining rings are fitted at the rear, clamping the outer race of the bearing firmly, and taking up the end thrust.

These are fitted with felt dust rings, bearing on the collars on the spindle; the rings at the front are also fitted with dust rings, running on the spindle, but these rings do not clamp the single-row bearing, which is permitted to float. When the headstock is assembled, the bearing housings should be packed with a good grade of vaseline, which will last a long time; see that the vaseline supply is at all times sufficient for good lubrication.

Spindles fitted in this manner are far superior to those fitted with plain bearings, as they consume less power, are free from vibration, and allow of accurate as well as heavy work.

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